高瓴资本张磊的哲学思维

  1.从投资者的角度来说,风险投资很多是需要退出的,但人才,永远是不需要退出的投资。通过这些年的实践,我深刻意识到,教育是对人生最重要、最明智的投资。我希望用创新的方式倡导普惠教育,以此在社会转型的过程中承担责任、创造价值。

  2.高瓴的投资哲学在很多方面同样适用于教育和人生选择。第一是“守正用奇”,即是要在坚守“正道”的基础上激发创新;第二是“弱水三千,但取一瓢”,就是要一个人在有限的天赋里做好自己最擅长的那一部分;第三则是“桃李不言,下自成蹊”,是指只要好好做自己的事,成功自会找上门来。

  3.在投资方面,我喜欢“想干大事”的企业家;在教育方面,我喜欢与具有伟大格局观的企业家共同发现人才,培养人才。我最大的乐趣就是帮助杰出的人实现更大梦想。

  4. “价值投资”可分为两个阶段,第一阶段是发现价值,第二阶段是创造价值。同样,教育也是,发现自身的天赋和价值,构建并利用自己的独特去创造新的价值,在“价值投资”的过程中造就自身的成功。

  5.好的教育平台可以塑造一个人的气质与格局;与杰出商界领袖直接对话,则可以提升一个人的境界与视野。我们应当考虑的是:如何与高质量的人花够时间,做一些高质量的事情。挣钱只属于自然而然的结果的一部分。

  6.财富的意义远不止于物质和金钱,而是代表着沉甸甸的道义和责任。既然我们的财富来自于社会,我们就要善用这些财富服务和回馈社会。从小处讲,这是知识与财富之间的良性循环;从大处看,这是为了让个人价值与造福人类的终极目标相一致。赠人玫瑰,手有余香。

  7.我定位自己不仅仅是一位财富捐助者,更是创新教育模式的践行者。对于企业家而言,捐款是相对容易的事情。更重要的是要花费精力和时间,结合中国国情和发展趋势,脚踏实地引进国际一流教育思想和资源。

  8.跨行业、跨界、跨专业的自由思考是非常必要的。新的产业时代最根本的还是需要依靠科学技术来驱动,需要真正的科学上的创新,尤其是基础科学、硬科学。因此,在这样的环境下,人才也需要多方面的知识储备,仅有商业管理或是金融经济方面的知识是不够的。

  9.中国的教育制度有很多可取之处,比如通过长期的训练和多重考核,培养学生极高的韧性,这些品质对将来的个人发展,无论是创业还是做投资都是非常重要的。但是在社会经济环境快速变化的过程中,需要培养既有商业头脑又有科学技能的跨界型人才。这是市场所提出的需求,也是社会所提出的需求。

  10.我们不能只建一座桥,要有很多座不一样的桥,甚至要有摆渡船,来帮助大家以各种方式到达教育和自我认知、自我丰富的彼岸。这其实就是对教育多样性的要求,精英教育、普惠教育、职业教育等等多种多样的形式都应存在发展的空间。我希望对教育进行供给侧改革。

  11.我一直认为,未来的构建需要无尽的想象力和踏实的执行,这两种力量汇聚在一起就是创新,而创新的核心正是人才。

  12.教育也是一个很讲究情感关怀激励的领域,越是处于一个机器“横行”的人工智能时代,就越是呼唤着人性独特的同理心和情感互动等这些真正有温度的东西。科技的创新终将引领教育的创新,人工智能给教育带来了挑战,但这些挑战也给了人类一个更大的重新创造历史的机会。

  13.金融与科技的深度融合,为人才培养打开了更具想象的创新空间。投身Fintech和互联网金融创新,不一定都是‘技术背景’的同学才有机会,艺术、人文等社会学科的人才同样大有作为。

  14.未来的入口是科学和教育。我们既需要有商业头脑和人文精神的科学家,也需要具有科学知识、尊重科学的企业家,能够和科学家一起去工作。

  15.人本主义和精英理应结合起来,精英不应该孤芳自赏、“躲进小楼成一统”,而应与社会发展同步,在与社会互动中实现自身价值。

  16.我们不仅要掌握科学思辨的能力,还要心中长存人文精神的火种。用舍我其谁的魄力去勇敢拥抱变化;用第一性原理去不断探究世界的价值原点;用人文精神去点亮心中的灯塔,Think big,Think long!

  17.不要问学校给你什么价值,而要问你自己能多创造出来什么价值。这里的创造价值其实就是一个不断动态打造自己的过程。

  18.人生很重要的一件事是,找一帮你喜欢的、真正靠谱的人,一起做有意思的事。珍惜你身边的人,因为你不知道什么时候会说再见。在人生的道路上,选择与谁同行,比要去的远方更重要。

  19.始终保持好奇心(intellectual curiosity)对青年人来说非常重要。世界永恒不变的只有变化本身,变化催生创新,所以我们应着眼于变化。只有始终保持着好奇心,不断地迎接、拥抱创新,才能形成一种善意的价值创造,形成让蛋糕更大、开放共赢的局面。

  20.真正的诚实(intellectual honesty), 是从来不要去骗别人,也不要骗自己。虽然有时候,也许有人不靠诚实也能成功,但这种成功第一是不持久,第二是最后会搬起砖头砸到自己的脚。

  21.我们的教育一直都重讲堂甚于思辨,然而知识和智力的独立(intellectual independence)是非常重要的。能不能有独立的思辨能力实际上是你能够坚持走多远的一个基石。

  22.同情心(empathy)很重要。经历得更多之后,我变化最大的是能更加理解这个世界与社会的复杂与多样性,更加宽容了。这意味着我能更容易地站在别人的角度谅解别人,欣赏别人,考虑别人的问题。

  23.一个人同时拥有好奇心、思考的独立性、诚实与同理心,并且有长期奋斗的心态,剩下的只是运气和大数法则的问题。一遍一遍做你有激情的事,并且喜欢一遍一遍的做,成功只是时间问题。

  24.强大的学习能力和对事物敏锐的洞察力,是一个人能力的“护城河”。要学会坚定自己的理想,珍惜自己短期内没有被看懂的窗口机会,把“护城河”做好。

  25.我们应该多发扬运动员精神。运动带来的好处不仅是身体方面的,还有团队合作、竞争、以及如何面对失败等诸多方面。只要玩竞技类运动就会有失败,不可能一直赢。

  26.把事情做到极致,就是现在大家所讲的匠人精神。青年企业家、青年创业家要立刻做到惊天地泣鬼神是不可能的,更多的是抓住机会锻炼自己。我个人建议,再小的事情也要做到极致、做到最好。大环境改变不了,争取营造小环境;小环境改变多了,就会改变大环境。

  27.我希望大家选择做时间的朋友。做时间的朋友,需要极强的自我约束力和发自内心的责任感。在多数人都醉心于“即时满足”(instant gratification) 的世界里,懂得“滞后满足”(delayed gratification)道理的人,早已先胜一筹。我把这称为选择延期享受成功。有句话叫“风物长宜放眼量”,就是让我们从远处、大处着眼,要看未来,看全局。我常常给创业者建议,要学朱元璋“广积粮,高筑墙,缓称王”。这个战略在创业中有效,也同样适用于你我的生活。坚持自己内心的选择,不骄不躁,好故事都是来自于有挑战的生活;持之以恒,时间终将会成为你的朋友。

Things to GIVE UP to be successful!

2018 年伊始,转载一篇 Medium.com 上的文章,希望大家在设定新年企划时参考。作者 Zdravko Cvijetic 是一位时间管理大师,在网络上很有影响力,感兴趣的朋友可以关注他的博客 zerotoskill.com。

Somebody once told me the definition of hell: “On your last day on earth, the person you became will meet the person you could have become. — Anonymus

Sometimes, to become successful, we do not need to add more things, we need to give up on some of them.

Even though each one of us has a different definition of success, there are certain things that are universal, which, if you give up on them, you will be more successful.

Some of them you can give up today, while it might take a bit longer for others.

1. Give Up On The Unhealthy Lifestyle

Take care of your body. It is the only place you have to live. — Jim Rohn

If you want to achieve anything in life, everything starts here. First, you have to take care of your health, and there are only two things you need to keep in mind:

  1. Healthy Diet
  2. Physical Activity

Small steps, but you will thank yourself one day.

2. Give Up The Short-term Mindset

You only live once, but if you do it right, once is enough. — Mae West

Successful people set long-term goals, and they know that these aims are merely the result of short-term habits that they need to do every day.

These healthy habits should not be something you do; they should be something you are.

There is a difference between: “Working out to have summer body” and “Working out because that is who you are.”

3. Give Up Playing Small

Your playing small does not serve the world. There is nothing enlightened about shrinking so that other people will not feel insecure around you. We are all meant to shine, as children do. It is not just in some of us; it is in everyone, and as we let our light shine, we unconsciously give others permission to do the same. As we are liberated from our fear, our presence automatically liberates others. – Marianne Williamson

If you never try and take great opportunities, or allow your dreams to become realities, you will never realize your true potential.

Moreover, the world will never benefit from what you could have achieved.

So voice your ideas, don’t be afraid to fail, and certainly don’t be afraid to succeed.

4. Give Up Your Excuses

It is not about the cards you are dealt, but how you play the hand. – Randy Pausch, The Last Lecture

Successful people know that they are responsible for their life, no matter their starting point, weaknesses, and past failures.

Realizing that you are entirely responsible for what happens next in your life, is both frightening and exciting.

However, it is the only way that you can reach the success because excuses limit and prevent us from growing personally and professionally.

Own your life; no one else will.

5. Give Up The Fixed Mindset

The future belongs to those who learn more skills and combine them in creative ways.  ― Robert Greene, Mastery

In a fixed mindset, people believe that their intelligence or talent, are simply fixed traits and that talent alone creates success — without effort. They are wrong.

Moreover, successful people know this. They invest an immense amount of time on a daily basis to develop a growth mindset, acquire new knowledge, learn new skills and change their perception so that it can benefit their lives.

Remember, who you are today, it is not whom you have to be tomorrow.

6. Give Up Believing In The “Magic Bullet.”

Every day, in every way, I’m getting better and better. — Émile Coué

Overnight success is a myth.

Successful people know that making small continuous improvement every day, will be compounded over time, and give them desired results.

That why you should plan for the future, but focus on the day that’s ahead of you, and improve just 1%.

7. Give Up Your Perfectionism

Shipping beats perfection. — Kahn Academy’s Development Mantra

Nothing will ever be perfect, no matter how much we try.

Fear of failure (or even fear of success) often prevents us from taking action and putting our creation out there in the world. However, many opportunities will be lost if we wait for things to be right.

So, “ship,” and then improve (that 1%).

8. Give Up Multi-tasking

You will never reach your destination if you stop and throw stones at every dog that barks.  ― Winston S. Churchill

Successful people know this. That is why they choose one thing and then beat it into submission. No matter what, a business idea, a conversation, or a workout.

Being fully present and committed to one task, is indispensable.

9. Give Up Your Need to Control Everything

Some things are up to us, and some things are not up to us. — Epictetus, Stoic philosopher

Differentiating these two is important.

Detach from the things you cannot control, and focus on the ones you can, and know that sometimes, the only thing you will be able to monitor is your attitude towards something.

Moreover, remember, nobody can be frustrated while saying “Bubbles” in an angry voice.

10. Give Up Saying YES To Things That Don’t Support Your Goals

He who would accomplish little must sacrifice little; he who would achieve much must sacrifice much; he who would attain highly must sacrifice greatly. — James Allen

Successful people know this that to accomplish their goals, they will have to say NO to tasks, activities, and demands from your friends, family, and colleagues.

On a short-term, you might sacrifice a bit of instant gratification, but when your goals come to fruition, it will be worth it.

11. Give Up The Toxic People

You are the average of the five people you spend the most time with. – Jim Rohn

People we spend the most time with, add up to whom we become.

There are less ambitious people, and there are more ambitious people than us. If you spend time with the ones that are less driven than you, your average will go down, and with it your success.

However, if you spend time with people more advanced than you, no matter how challenging that might be, you will be more successful.

Take a look at around yourself, and see if you need to make any changes.

12. Give Up Your Need To Be Liked

The only way to avoid pissing people off is to do nothing important. — Oliver Emberton

Think of yourself as a market niche.

There will be many people that like that niche, but there will be individuals who do not, and no matter what you do, you will not be able to make an entire market like you.

This is entirely natural, and there’s no need to do anything to justify yourself.

The only thing you can do is continue being authentic, and know that growing number of “haters” means that you are doing important things.

13. Give Up Your Dependency on The Social Media & Television

The trouble is, you think you have time. — Jack Kornfield

Impulsive web browsing and television watching is a disease of today’s society.

These two should never be an escape from your life or your goals.

Unless your goals depend on either, you should minimize (or eliminate) your dependency on them. Moreover, direct that time towards things that can enrich your life.

Call To Action

If you want to increase your productivity and eliminate procrastination, check out the free guides below.

  1. The Ultimate Productivity Cheat Sheet – Readdle Edition
  2. New Year’s Resolution Worksheet

iPhone 十年与「自我迭代」

2007 年 1 月 9 日注定是历史上不凡的一天——乔布斯在旧金山时间上午 9 点 43 分于 Moscone Center 举行的 Macworld 大会上揭开了第一代 iPhone 的面纱。直到十年后的今天,我依然能忆起那一刻捧着黑色 MacBook 追图文直播时的心情。iPhone 的出现如同鹅卵石落入一潭静水,泛起的涟漪改变了周遭的一切,它转变了人们听歌、上网、沟通、娱乐、出行、支付等一系列生活方式…

提到 iPhone 的伟大,多数人会归结为颠覆式的创新。初代 iPhone 的诞生,打破了当时智能手机约定俗成的外观和功能,加入了多指触控等人性化设计。为 iPhone 孵化的 App Store,开创了应用程序商店的先河,也催生了众多产业的变革。

初代 iPhone 与同时代「智能手机」对比
初代 iPhone 与同时代「智能手机」对比

当我们再细细回顾过往 10 年,你会发现 iPhone 并没有一闯入我们的世界就捣毁一切,它是以一种润物细无声的方式影响着我们。当把初代 iPhone 和最新的 iPhone 7 Plus 放到一起时,你会发现他们是如此的相似而又深刻地不同。我有幸接触过一位资深工程师,他和乔布斯共事过多年,也曾参与到几次重要的发布会演示彩排。当被问到 iPhone 的制胜法宝是什么,他用了一个生僻的英文单词来概括,ITERATION(迭代)。

初代 iPhone 和 iPhone 7 Plus 对比

那么什么是「迭代」呢?百科给出的解释如下:

迭代是重复反馈过程的活动,其目的通常是为了逼近所需目标或结果。每一次对过程的重复称为一次“迭代”,而每一次迭代得到的结果会作为下一次迭代的初始值。

简单来说,「迭代」就是在原有基础上进行不断的升级更新,它与「颠覆」不同,重视传承,是一种螺旋式上升的过程。

「迭代」意味着克制。在安卓阵营不断拉高硬件参数的竞赛中,许多厂商动不动就搬出千万像素和多核处理器的营销噱头。而 iPhone 看似非常保守,曾多年止步于 800 万像素的摄像头配置。事实上,iPhone 通过不断提升成像技术、软件功能、镜头工艺等多维度迭代,让摄影摄像的质量稳居智能手机排行榜前列。iPhone 的进化史也是手机摄影的发展史,是 iPhone 让「The best camera is the one in your pocket(最好的相机就在你口袋里)」这句话深入人心。

「迭代」同时意味着化繁为简。毕加索晚年的作品无不体现出开悟后追求极简的风格。在取舍之间,艺术回归本质。我特别欣赏大师的这组牛画,尤其是最后那寥寥几笔,勾勒出公牛形象惟妙惟肖,丝毫不逊色于左侧几幅。这组画很好地演绎了 iPhone 化繁为简的「迭代」过程。变轻、变薄、更便携、无累赘,这是贯穿 iPhone 十年演变的基本路线,让如今的 iPhone 浑然天成。正如达芬奇曾说过的,「The simplicity is the ultimate sophistication(简约是复杂的最终形式)」。

谈了很多关于 iPhone 的,不如我们将视角转向自身。仔细想想,我们每个人又何尝不是一部智能移动产品呢?我们的身体躯干是我们的硬件,我们的心智模式代表操作系统,而我们的技能知识则等同于可交互的信息和应用程序。优势心理学发现,人成功的捷径是将时间和精力集中投入在发展天赋才干上,长期打磨历练便能成就个人优势,进而获得成功。许多原地踏步的人往往好高骛远或找不清方向。他们寄希望于通过洗心革面实现自我蜕变,却恰不知一夜吃成胖子的「大跃进」后患无穷。我相信,成功属于那些着眼自身天赋才干,明晰自我目标并克制务实的人,他们会获得持续自我迭代后的常青。

当我们每年翘首期盼 iPhone 更新换代之时,不妨问问自己,今年我迭代了吗?